What Is Obstructive Sleep Apnea?
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common and serious medical condition that affects your sleep and overall health. It's important to understand what OSA is and how it can impact your life, especially as you get older.
Here's how it works:
When you sleep, the muscles in the upper part of your throat should keep your airway open, allowing air to flow freely into your lungs. However, if you have OSA, these muscles can't always do their job effectively. As a result, your airway can partially or completely close, leading to a pause in your breathing.
This interruption in breathing can cause your oxygen levels to drop and disrupt your sleep. Your body will briefly wake up to open your airway and allow you to breathe properly again. These awakenings are usually very short, lasting only a few seconds. However, they happen frequently throughout the night, preventing you from reaching deep and restorative stages of sleep.
So, why does OSA happen?
The main culprit is the relaxation of the muscles in the back of your throat, which support important structures like the soft palate, uvula (that small piece of tissue hanging in your throat), tonsils, and tongue. When these muscles relax too much during sleep, your airway narrows or even closes temporarily when you breathe in. This can reduce the oxygen levels in your blood, signaling your brain to wake you up briefly to reopen your airway.
You might not even realize these awakenings are happening, but they can occur as often as 30 times or more in a single hour. The result? You'll likely feel tired and drowsy during your waking hours, even if you thought you had a full night's sleep.
Understanding OSA is the first step to addressing it and improving your sleep and overall well-being. If you suspect you have OSA, it's crucial to seek medical advice and explore treatment options for a better night's sleep and a healthier life.